北京旅游景点天安门英文导游词

时间:2021-05-26 18:33:18 景点介绍 我要投稿

北京旅游景点天安门英文导游词

  作为一名导游,往往需要进行导游词编写工作,导游词一般是根据实际的游览景观、遵照一定的游览路线、模拟游览活动而创作的。如何把导游词做到重点突出呢?下面是小编精心整理的北京旅游景点天安门英文导游词,欢迎大家借鉴与参考,希望对大家有所帮助。

北京旅游景点天安门英文导游词

  Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:

  1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony).

  2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower.

  3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.

  4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites.

  5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.

  Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”.During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

  On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Park), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.

  The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( common Bridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.

  The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.

  天安门(天国的和平门),位于北京的中心。它始建于1417年,名叫承天门。在明朝末期,它被战争严重破坏。1651年清朝重建后,更名为天安门,是皇城的主要入口,是朝廷官员和侍从的行政和住所。皇城城墙的南段仍然矗立在城门的两侧。门顶上的塔有九室宽,五室深。根据《易经》,数字九和数字五合在一起,象征着至高无上的君主地位。在明清时期,天安门是举行国家仪式的地方。其中最重要的是颁布诏书,诏书的步骤如下:

  1)礼部大臣会在太和殿(太和殿)接受诏书,那里是皇帝举行朝廷的地方。然后,大臣将法令放在云盘上,从太和门(太和门)出殿。

  2)大臣会把托盘放在一个微型龙亭里。撑一把黄伞,穿过午门,到天安门城楼。

  3)朝臣将被任命来宣布法令。在塔下的大门两侧,文武官员会向皇帝的方向跪拜,等待颁布的法令。

  4)朝臣将诏书放在一个凤凰形的木盒里,用一根丝线从高塔上拉下来。最后,这份文件被装在一个类似的云盘里,放在一把黄色的伞下,送到礼部。

  诏书用黄纸抄写,将传遍全国。

  这一过程在历史上被称为“金凤凰敕令”。在明清两代,天安门是最重要的通道。皇帝和他的随从们去祭坛举行仪式和宗教活动时要经过这个门。

  天安门西侧是中山公园(孙中山公园),东侧是劳动人民文化宫。公园的前身是舍积坛(土地和粮食的祭坛),建于1420年,用于祭祀土地神。它在1914年作为一个公园向公众开放,并在1928年更名为现在的名称,以纪念中国民主革命的伟大先驱。劳动人民文化宫的前身是太庙(至高无上的祖庙),那里保存着已故的王朝统治者的牌位。

  天安门前的小溪叫做外金水河,上面有七座大理石桥。在这七座桥中,历史记载称中间的一座是皇帝专用的,因此被称为玉路桥(Imperial Bridge)。它两侧的桥是皇室成员的,因此被称为王公桥。两座桥两边较远的地方有一座桥,供三级以上的官员使用,称为“品济桥”。其余两座桥供第三级以下的侍从使用,称为公生桥(普通桥)。东边是太庙前的`一座,西边是田粮坛前的一座。

  天安门门前的两个石狮,一边一个,是哨兵的意思。它们注视着中轴线,守卫着皇帝的通道。在大门前矗立着一对叫华表的大理石柱。它们是按照传说中的龙的图案精心雕刻而成的浅浮雕。大门后面还有一根类似的柱子。华表的故事可以追溯到几个源头。有一种版本认为,它的发明是中国的一位圣人,名叫尧,据说他立了一根木柱,让普通人揭发坏人,因此它最初被称为诽谤柱。后来变成了路标,现在成了装饰品。

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